BUY PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL SCIENCE DHARMARAJ TAMIL| அரசியல் அறிவியல் கொள்கை தர்மராஜ் | 2025 | LATEST EDITION | BEST GUIDE IN TAMIL|

BUY PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL SCIENCE DHARMARAJ TAMIL| அரசியல் அறிவியல் கொள்கை தர்மராஜ் | 2025 | LATEST EDITION | BEST GUIDE IN TAMIL|

Political science (sometimes abbreviated as PoliSci or poli sci), also known as the academic field of government (GOVT or Gov),^[1] is the scientific study of politics which is a social science dealing with the analysis and implementation of systems of governance and its impact on societies. It deals with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and laws. Specialists in the field, most especially subject-matter experts are known as political scientists.

Unlike political philosophy alone, which is primarily normative and evaluates politics through value judgments, political science emphasizes descriptive and explanatory methods in analyzing phenomena and making policy decisions; it favors empirical evidence over ethical judgments.^[2] Modern political science can generally be divided into the major sub-disciplines of political philosophy, political methodology, comparative politics, international relations, public policy, and public administration; though other smaller more specialized and niche subdisciplines exist as well.^[8]

Political science emerged as a distinct academic discipline in the late 19th century, influenced by the rise of empiricism and positivism. It emerged from history, philosophy, and law amid university professionalization and the founding of bodies such as the American Political Science Association in 1903. The behavioral revolution of the 1950s played a significant role in shifting emphasis to scientifically explaining human behavior from an unbiased and neutral point of view using quantitative research methods such as surveys, historical analysis, and empirical testing.

As a social science, contemporary political science started to take shape in the latter half of the 19th century and began to separate itself from political philosophy and history.^[9] Into the late 19th century, it was still uncommon for political science to be considered a distinct field from history.^[9] The term “political science” was not always distinguished from political philosophy, and the modern discipline has a clear set of antecedents including moral philosophy, political economy, political theology, history, and other fields concerned with normative determinations of what ought to be and with deducing the characteristics and functions of the ideal state.

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